Neutral wires are necessary for many smart switches to work. Here’s what you need to know.
What is a Neutral Wire and What to Do If You Don’t Have One
February 06, 2023
SafeWise is an independent review site. We may earn money when you click links on our site. Learn how we rank and review.
Three in four Americans bought a smart home tech device this past year. We’re not sure how many of those people went to install a new smart switch and realized that electrical wiring can be confusing, but we bet it was a lot. If you’re among those numbers, don’t worry. We’ve got all the information you need about neutral wires to get you on your way to smart home glory.
Subscribe to our Youtube channel and learn how to protect your home, loved ones, and belongings.
1. What are neutral wires
Behind your light switches is a nest of wires that work hard every time you turn on the light. Neutral wires deliver a small amount of power to smart switches. When you turn off a normal switch, the circuit breaks. But with a neutral wire connected, that trickle of power stays on so your smart light switch can stay connected to your home Wi-Fi.
Neutral wires are mainly found in newer homes (built after 1985) and are required by most modern US electrical codes.
Don’t get shocked!
To avoid an electric shock, always turn off the voltage to a switch or outlet at the circuit breaker before removing the cover.
2. Different kinds of wires
Crack open a light switch box and you’ll see a bunch of different wires. How do you know which is which?
Katie McEntire, SafeWise
Typically, when you look behind a switch plate, you’ll find load wires, hot wires, ground wires, and of course, neutral wires. You can usually tell which is which by the color of each wire. In the US’s wiring code, the black wires are the hot wires (live wires) and load wires that carry electrical current to your light switch. The green one (if there is one) is the ground wire.
Image: Katie McEntire, SafeWise
And that white wire? That’s a neutral wire. Unless you already have a smart switch connected, chances are, they’ll be hanging out with a wire nut on and waiting for you to connect them.
Sometimes, the wires won’t be the color they’re supposed to be. One foolproof way to find the neutral wire is to look at the printing on the wire. Often the neutral wire will be printed with an N or Neutral.
Need help?
3. Do you need a neutral wire for a smart switch?
So now that we’ve covered what these mysterious wires are and what they do, the question remains. What do you do if you don’t have neural wires for a smart switch? Thankfully, you don’t need one. Not all smart switches need neutral wiring. Some of our favorite brands that don’t need neutral wires are Lutron Caseta and GE CYNC.
Just beware that many of the switches that don’t need neutral wires will need a smart hub to work. It’s a small trade-off. You can easily find out if a hub is needed in the fine print and product description before you spring for a new light switch.
To avoid the whole hub situation, you’ll need to have an electrician install a neutral wire. While it’s a simple process, it will require ripping out part of the wall around the outlet to install new electrical wires, which is something you probably want to avoid unless you’re renovating.
Final word
In the end, all you need to know is the white wires behind switch covers are neutral wires. Though they aren’t essential to installing a smart switch, they let you skip setting up a smart hub for the switch to work.
